Configuration Classe

Definição

Representa um ficheiro de configuração aplicável a um determinado computador, aplicação ou recurso. Esta classe não pode ser herdada.

public ref class Configuration sealed
public sealed class Configuration
type Configuration = class
Public NotInheritable Class Configuration
Herança
Configuration

Exemplos

O seguinte exemplo de código demonstra como usar a Configuration classe para aceder a elementos do ficheiro de configuração.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Globalization;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

// Before compiling this application, 
// remember to reference the System.Configuration assembly in your project. 
#region CustomSection class

// Define a custom section. This class is used to
// populate the configuration file.
// It creates the following custom section:
//  <CustomSection name="Contoso" url="http://www.contoso.com" port="8080" />.
public sealed class CustomSection : ConfigurationSection
{

    public CustomSection()
    {
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("name",
     DefaultValue = "Contoso",
     IsRequired = true,
     IsKey = true)]
    public string Name
    {
        get
        {
            return (string)this["name"];
        }
        set
        {
            this["name"] = value;
        }
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("url",
        DefaultValue = "http://www.contoso.com",
        IsRequired = true)]
    [RegexStringValidator(@"\w+:\/\/[\w.]+\S*")]
    public string Url
    {
        get
        {
            return (string)this["url"];
        }
        set
        {
            this["url"] = value;
        }
    }

    [ConfigurationProperty("port",
        DefaultValue = (int)8080,
        IsRequired = false)]
    [IntegerValidator(MinValue = 0,
        MaxValue = 8080, ExcludeRange = false)]
    public int Port
    {
        get
        {
            return (int)this["port"];
        }
        set
        {
            this["port"] = value;
        }
    }
}

#endregion

#region Using Configuration Class
class UsingConfigurationClass
{


    // Show how to create an instance of the Configuration class
    // that represents this application configuration file.  
    static void CreateConfigurationFile()
    {
        try
        {

            // Create a custom configuration section.
            CustomSection customSection = new CustomSection();

            // Get the current configuration file.
            System.Configuration.Configuration config =
                    ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
                    ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            // Create the custom section entry  
            // in <configSections> group and the 
            // related target section in <configuration>.
            if (config.Sections["CustomSection"] == null)
            {
                config.Sections.Add("CustomSection", customSection);
            }

            // Create and add an entry to appSettings section.
            
            string conStringname="LocalSqlServer";
            string conString = @"data source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Integrated Security=SSPI;AttachDBFilename=|DataDirectory|aspnetdb.mdf;User Instance=true";
            string providerName="System.Data.SqlClient";

            ConnectionStringSettings connStrSettings = new ConnectionStringSettings();
            connStrSettings.Name = conStringname;
            connStrSettings.ConnectionString= conString;
            connStrSettings.ProviderName = providerName;

            config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Add(connStrSettings);
            
            // Add an entry to appSettings section.
            int appStgCnt =
                ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.Count;
            string newKey = "NewKey" + appStgCnt.ToString();

            string newValue = DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString() +
              " " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();

            config.AppSettings.Settings.Add(newKey, newValue);

            // Save the configuration file.
            customSection.SectionInformation.ForceSave = true;
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Full);

            Console.WriteLine("Created configuration file: {0}",
                config.FilePath);
        }
        catch (ConfigurationErrorsException err)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("CreateConfigurationFile: {0}", err.ToString());
        }
    }

    // Show how to use the GetSection(string) method.
    static void GetCustomSection()
    {
        try
        {

            CustomSection customSection;

            // Get the current configuration file.
            System.Configuration.Configuration config =
                    ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
                    ConfigurationUserLevel.None) as Configuration;

            customSection =
                config.GetSection("CustomSection") as CustomSection;

            Console.WriteLine("Section name: {0}", customSection.Name);
            Console.WriteLine("Url: {0}", customSection.Url);
            Console.WriteLine("Port: {0}", customSection.Port);
        }
        catch (ConfigurationErrorsException err)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Using GetSection(string): {0}", err.ToString());
        }
    }


    // Show how to use different modalities to save 
    // a configuration file.
    static void SaveConfigurationFile()
    {
        try
        {

            // Get the current configuration file.
            System.Configuration.Configuration config =
                    ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
                    ConfigurationUserLevel.None) as Configuration;

            // Save the full configuration file and force save even if the file was not modified.
            config.SaveAs("MyConfigFull.config", ConfigurationSaveMode.Full, true);
            Console.WriteLine("Saved config file as MyConfigFull.config using the mode: {0}",
                ConfigurationSaveMode.Full.ToString());

            config =
                    ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
                    ConfigurationUserLevel.None) as Configuration;

            // Save only the part of the configuration file that was modified. 
            config.SaveAs("MyConfigModified.config", ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified, true);
            Console.WriteLine("Saved config file as MyConfigModified.config using the mode: {0}",
                ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified.ToString());

            config =
                    ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
                    ConfigurationUserLevel.None) as Configuration;

            // Save the full configuration file.
            config.SaveAs("MyConfigMinimal.config");
            Console.WriteLine("Saved config file as MyConfigMinimal.config using the mode: {0}",
                ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal.ToString());
        }
        catch (ConfigurationErrorsException err)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("SaveConfigurationFile: {0}", err.ToString());
        }
    }

    // Show how use the AppSettings and ConnectionStrings 
    // properties.
    static void GetSections(string section)
    {
        try
        {

            // Get the current configuration file.
            System.Configuration.Configuration config =
                    ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
                    ConfigurationUserLevel.None) as Configuration;

            // Get the selected section.
            switch (section)
            {
                case "appSettings":
                    try
                    {
                        AppSettingsSection appSettings =
                            config.AppSettings as AppSettingsSection;
                        Console.WriteLine("Section name: {0}",
                                appSettings.SectionInformation.SectionName);

                        // Get the AppSettings section elements.
                        Console.WriteLine();
                        Console.WriteLine("Using AppSettings property.");
                        Console.WriteLine("Application settings:");
                        // Get the KeyValueConfigurationCollection 
                        // from the configuration.
                        KeyValueConfigurationCollection settings =
                          config.AppSettings.Settings;

                        // Display each KeyValueConfigurationElement.
                        foreach (KeyValueConfigurationElement keyValueElement in settings)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine("Key: {0}", keyValueElement.Key);
                            Console.WriteLine("Value: {0}", keyValueElement.Value);
                            Console.WriteLine();
                        }
                    }
                    catch (ConfigurationErrorsException e)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Using AppSettings property: {0}",
                            e.ToString());
                    }
                    break;

                case "connectionStrings":
                    ConnectionStringsSection
                        conStrSection =
                        config.ConnectionStrings as ConnectionStringsSection;
                    Console.WriteLine("Section name: {0}",
                        conStrSection.SectionInformation.SectionName);

                    try
                    {
                        if (conStrSection.ConnectionStrings.Count != 0)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine();
                            Console.WriteLine("Using ConnectionStrings property.");
                            Console.WriteLine("Connection strings:");

                            // Get the collection elements.
                            foreach (ConnectionStringSettings connection in
                              conStrSection.ConnectionStrings)
                            {
                                string name = connection.Name;
                                string provider = connection.ProviderName;
                                string connectionString = connection.ConnectionString;

                                Console.WriteLine("Name:               {0}",
                                  name);
                                Console.WriteLine("Connection string:  {0}",
                                  connectionString);
                                Console.WriteLine("Provider:            {0}",
                                   provider);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    catch (ConfigurationErrorsException e)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Using ConnectionStrings property: {0}",
                            e.ToString());
                    }
                    break;

                default:
                    Console.WriteLine(
                        "GetSections: Unknown section (0)", section);
                    break;
            }
        }
        catch (ConfigurationErrorsException err)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("GetSections: (0)", err.ToString());
        }
    }

    // Show how to use the Configuration object properties 
    // to obtain configuration file information.
    static void GetConfigurationInformation()
    {
        try
        {

            // Get the current configuration file.
            System.Configuration.Configuration config =
                    ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(
                    ConfigurationUserLevel.None) as Configuration;

            Console.WriteLine("Reading configuration information:");

            ContextInformation evalContext =
                config.EvaluationContext as ContextInformation;
            Console.WriteLine("Machine level: {0}",
                evalContext.IsMachineLevel.ToString());
                    
            string filePath = config.FilePath;
            Console.WriteLine("File path: {0}", filePath);
             
            bool hasFile = config.HasFile;
            Console.WriteLine("Has file: {0}", hasFile.ToString());

            ConfigurationSectionGroupCollection
                groups = config.SectionGroups;
            Console.WriteLine("Groups: {0}", groups.Count.ToString());
            foreach (ConfigurationSectionGroup group in groups)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Group Name: {0}", group.Name);
               // Console.WriteLine("Group Type: {0}", group.Type);
            }

            ConfigurationSectionCollection
                sections = config.Sections;
            Console.WriteLine("Sections: {0}", sections.Count.ToString());
        }
        catch (ConfigurationErrorsException err)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("GetConfigurationInformation: {0}",err.ToString());
        }
    }

#endregion 

#region Application Main
    //*** User Interaction Class ***//

    // Obtain user's input and provide feedback.
    // This class contains the application Main() function.
    // It calls the ConfigurationManager methods based 
    // on the user's selection.
    class ApplicationMain
    {
        // Display user's menu.
        public static void UserMenu()
        {
            string applicationName =
                Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[0] + ".exe";
            StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();

            buffer.AppendLine("Application: " + applicationName);
            buffer.AppendLine("Make your selection.");
            buffer.AppendLine("?    -- Display help.");
            buffer.AppendLine("Q,q  -- Exit the application.");
            
            buffer.Append("1    -- Instantiate the");
            buffer.AppendLine(" Configuration class.");

            buffer.Append("2    -- Use GetSection(string) to read ");
            buffer.AppendLine(" a custom section.");
            
            buffer.Append("3    -- Use SaveAs methods");
            buffer.AppendLine(" to save the configuration file.");

            buffer.Append("4    -- Use AppSettings property to read");
            buffer.AppendLine(" the appSettings section.");
            buffer.Append("5    -- Use ConnectionStrings property to read");
            buffer.AppendLine(" the connectionStrings section.");

            buffer.Append("6    -- Use Configuration class properties");
            buffer.AppendLine(" to obtain configuration information.");

            Console.Write(buffer.ToString());
        }

        // Obtain user's input and provide
        // feedback.
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Define user selection string.
            string selection;

            // Get the name of the application.
            string appName =
                Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[0];

            // Get user selection.
            while (true)
            {

                UserMenu();
                Console.Write("> ");
                selection = Console.ReadLine();
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(selection))
                    break;
            }

            while (selection.ToLower() != "q")
            {
                // Process user's input.
                switch (selection)
                {
                    case "1":
                        // Show how to create an instance of the Configuration class.
                        CreateConfigurationFile();
                        break;

                    case "2":
                        // Show how to use GetSection(string) method.
                        GetCustomSection();
                        break;

                    case "3":
                        // Show how to use ConnectionStrings.
                        SaveConfigurationFile();
                        break;

                    case "4":
                        // Show how to use the AppSettings property.
                        GetSections("appSettings");
                        break;

                    case "5":
                        // Show how to use the ConnectionStrings property.
                        GetSections("connectionStrings");
                        break;

                    case "6":
                        // Show how to obtain configuration file information.
                        GetConfigurationInformation();
                        break;

                    default:
                        UserMenu();
                        break;
                }
                Console.Write("> ");
                selection = Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }
    }
#endregion

}
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Globalization
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Collections.Specialized

' Before compiling this application, 
' remember to reference the System.Configuration assembly in your project. 
#Region "CustomSection class"

' Define a custom section. This class is used to
' populate the configuration file.
' It creates the following custom section:
'  <CustomSection name="Contoso" url="http://www.contoso.com" port="8080" />.
Public NotInheritable Class CustomSection
    Inherits ConfigurationSection

    Public Sub New()

    End Sub


    <ConfigurationProperty("name", DefaultValue:="Contoso", IsRequired:=True, IsKey:=True)> _
    Public Property Name() As String
        Get
            Return CStr(Me("name"))
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            Me("name") = value
        End Set
    End Property

    <ConfigurationProperty("url", DefaultValue:="http://www.contoso.com", IsRequired:=True), RegexStringValidator("\w+:\/\/[\w.]+\S*")> _
    Public Property Url() As String
        Get
            Return CStr(Me("url"))
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            Me("url") = value
        End Set
    End Property

    <ConfigurationProperty("port", DefaultValue:=CInt(8080), IsRequired:=False), IntegerValidator(MinValue:=0, MaxValue:=8080, ExcludeRange:=False)> _
    Public Property Port() As Integer
        Get
            Return CInt(Fix(Me("port")))
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            Me("port") = value
        End Set
    End Property



End Class

#End Region

#Region "Using Configuration Class"
Friend Class UsingConfigurationClass

    ' Show how to create an instance of the Configuration class
    ' that represents this application configuration file.  
    Public Shared Sub CreateConfigurationFile()
        Try

            ' Create a custom configuration section.
            Dim customSection As New CustomSection()

            ' Get the current configuration file.
            Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None)

            ' Create the section entry  
            ' in <configSections> and the 
            ' related target section in <configuration>.
            If config.Sections("CustomSection") Is Nothing Then
                config.Sections.Add("CustomSection", customSection)
            End If

            ' Create and add an entry to appSettings section.

            Dim conStringname As String = "LocalSqlServer"
            Dim conString As String = "data source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Integrated Security=SSPI;AttachDBFilename=|DataDirectory|aspnetdb.mdf;User Instance=true"
            Dim providerName As String = "System.Data.SqlClient"

            Dim connStrSettings As New ConnectionStringSettings()
            connStrSettings.Name = conStringname
            connStrSettings.ConnectionString = conString
            connStrSettings.ProviderName = providerName

            config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Add(connStrSettings)

            ' Add an entry to appSettings section.
            Dim appStgCnt As Integer = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.Count
            Dim newKey As String = "NewKey" & appStgCnt.ToString()

            Dim newValue As String = Date.Now.ToLongDateString() & " " & Date.Now.ToLongTimeString()

            config.AppSettings.Settings.Add(newKey, newValue)

            ' Save the configuration file.
            customSection.SectionInformation.ForceSave = True
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Full)

            Console.WriteLine("Created configuration file: {0}", config.FilePath)

        Catch err As ConfigurationErrorsException
            Console.WriteLine("CreateConfigurationFile: {0}", err.ToString())
        End Try

    End Sub

    ' Show how to use the GetSection(string) method.
    Public Shared Sub GetCustomSection()
        Try

            Dim customSection As CustomSection

            ' Get the current configuration file.
            Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = TryCast(ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None), Configuration)

            customSection = TryCast(config.GetSection("CustomSection"), CustomSection)

            Console.WriteLine("Section name: {0}", customSection.Name)
            Console.WriteLine("Url: {0}", customSection.Url)
            Console.WriteLine("Port: {0}", customSection.Port)

        Catch err As ConfigurationErrorsException
            Console.WriteLine("Using GetSection(string): {0}", err.ToString())
        End Try

    End Sub


    ' Show how to use different modalities to save 
    ' a configuration file.
    Public Shared Sub SaveConfigurationFile()
        Try

            ' Get the current configuration file.
            Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = TryCast(ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None), Configuration)

            ' Save the full configuration file and force save even if the file was not modified.
            config.SaveAs("MyConfigFull.config", ConfigurationSaveMode.Full, True)
            Console.WriteLine("Saved config file as MyConfigFull.config using the mode: {0}", ConfigurationSaveMode.Full.ToString())

            config = TryCast(ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None), Configuration)

            ' Save only the part of the configuration file that was modified. 
            config.SaveAs("MyConfigModified.config", ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified, True)
            Console.WriteLine("Saved config file as MyConfigModified.config using the mode: {0}", ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified.ToString())

            config = TryCast(ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None), Configuration)

            ' Save the full configuration file.
            config.SaveAs("MyConfigMinimal.config")
            Console.WriteLine("Saved config file as MyConfigMinimal.config using the mode: {0}", ConfigurationSaveMode.Minimal.ToString())

        Catch err As ConfigurationErrorsException
            Console.WriteLine("SaveConfigurationFile: {0}", err.ToString())
        End Try

    End Sub


    ' Show how use the AppSettings and ConnectionStrings 
    ' properties.
    Public Shared Sub GetSections(ByVal section As String)
        Try

            ' Get the current configuration file.
            Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = TryCast(ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None), Configuration)

            ' Get the selected section.
            Select Case section
                Case "appSettings"
                    Try
                        Dim appSettings As AppSettingsSection = TryCast(config.AppSettings, AppSettingsSection)
                        Console.WriteLine("Section name: {0}", appSettings.SectionInformation.SectionName)

                        ' Get the AppSettings section elements.
                        Console.WriteLine()
                        Console.WriteLine("Using AppSettings property.")
                        Console.WriteLine("Application settings:")
                        ' Get the KeyValueConfigurationCollection 
                        ' from the configuration.
                        Dim settings As KeyValueConfigurationCollection = config.AppSettings.Settings

                        ' Display each KeyValueConfigurationElement.
                        For Each keyValueElement As KeyValueConfigurationElement In settings
                            Console.WriteLine("Key: {0}", keyValueElement.Key)
                            Console.WriteLine("Value: {0}", keyValueElement.Value)
                            Console.WriteLine()
                        Next keyValueElement
                    Catch e As ConfigurationErrorsException
                        Console.WriteLine("Using AppSettings property: {0}", e.ToString())
                    End Try

                Case "connectionStrings"
                    Dim conStrSection As ConnectionStringsSection = TryCast(config.ConnectionStrings, ConnectionStringsSection)
                    Console.WriteLine("Section name: {0}", conStrSection.SectionInformation.SectionName)

                    Try
                        If conStrSection.ConnectionStrings.Count <> 0 Then
                            Console.WriteLine()
                            Console.WriteLine("Using ConnectionStrings property.")
                            Console.WriteLine("Connection strings:")

                            ' Get the collection elements.
                            For Each connection As ConnectionStringSettings In conStrSection.ConnectionStrings
                                Dim name As String = connection.Name
                                Dim provider As String = connection.ProviderName
                                Dim connectionString As String = connection.ConnectionString

                                Console.WriteLine("Name:               {0}", name)
                                Console.WriteLine("Connection string:  {0}", connectionString)
                                Console.WriteLine("Provider:            {0}", provider)
                            Next connection
                        End If
                    Catch e As ConfigurationErrorsException
                        Console.WriteLine("Using ConnectionStrings property: {0}", e.ToString())
                    End Try

                Case Else
                    Console.WriteLine("GetSections: Unknown section (0)", section)
            End Select

        Catch err As ConfigurationErrorsException
            Console.WriteLine("GetSections: (0)", err.ToString())
        End Try

    End Sub

    ' Show how to use the Configuration object properties 
    ' to obtain configuration file information.
    Public Shared Sub GetConfigurationInformation()
        Try

            ' Get the current configuration file.
            Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = TryCast(ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None), Configuration)

            Console.WriteLine("Reading configuration information:")

            Dim evalContext As ContextInformation = TryCast(config.EvaluationContext, ContextInformation)
            Console.WriteLine("Machine level: {0}", evalContext.IsMachineLevel.ToString())

            Dim filePath As String = config.FilePath
            Console.WriteLine("File path: {0}", filePath)

            Dim hasFile As Boolean = config.HasFile
            Console.WriteLine("Has file: {0}", hasFile.ToString())


            Dim groups As ConfigurationSectionGroupCollection = config.SectionGroups
            Console.WriteLine("Groups: {0}", groups.Count.ToString())
            For Each group As ConfigurationSectionGroup In groups
                Console.WriteLine("Group Name: {0}", group.Name)
                ' Console.WriteLine("Group Type: {0}", group.Type);
            Next group


            Dim sections As ConfigurationSectionCollection = config.Sections
            Console.WriteLine("Sections: {0}", sections.Count.ToString())


        Catch err As ConfigurationErrorsException
            Console.WriteLine("GetConfigurationInformation: {0}", err.ToString())
        End Try

    End Sub
End Class

#End Region

#Region "Application Main"
'*** User Interaction Class ***//

' Obtain user's input and provide feedback.
' This class contains the application Main() function.
' It calls the ConfigurationManager methods based 
' on the user's selection.
Public Class ApplicationMain
    ' Display user's menu.
    Public Shared Sub UserMenu()
        Dim applicationName As String = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()(0) & ".exe"
        Dim buffer As New StringBuilder()

        buffer.AppendLine("Application: " & applicationName)
        buffer.AppendLine("Please, make your selection.")
        buffer.AppendLine("?    -- Display help.")
        buffer.AppendLine("Q,q  -- Exit the application.")

        buffer.Append("1    -- Instantiate the")
        buffer.AppendLine(" Configuration class.")

        buffer.Append("2    -- Use GetSection(string) to read ")
        buffer.AppendLine(" a custom section.")

        buffer.Append("3    -- Use SaveAs methods")
        buffer.AppendLine(" to save the configuration file.")

        buffer.Append("4    -- Use AppSettings property to read")
        buffer.AppendLine(" the appSettings section.")
        buffer.Append("5    -- Use ConnectionStrings property to read")
        buffer.AppendLine(" the connectionStrings section.")

        buffer.Append("6    -- Use Configuration class properties")
        buffer.AppendLine(" to obtain configuration information.")

        Console.Write(buffer.ToString())
    End Sub

    ' Obtain user's input and provide
    ' feedback.
    Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        ' Define user selection string.
        Dim selection As String

        ' Get the name of the application.
        Dim appName As String = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()(0)


        ' Get user selection.
        Do

            UserMenu()
            Console.Write("> ")
            selection = Console.ReadLine()
            If selection <> String.Empty Then
                Exit Do
            End If
        Loop

        Do While selection.ToLower() <> "q"
            ' Process user's input.
            Select Case selection
                Case "1"
                    ' Show how to create an instance of the Configuration class.
                    UsingConfigurationClass.CreateConfigurationFile()

                Case "2"
                    ' Show how to use GetSection(string) method.
                    UsingConfigurationClass.GetCustomSection()

                Case "3"
                    ' Show how to use ConnectionStrings.
                    UsingConfigurationClass.SaveConfigurationFile()

                Case "4"
                    ' Show how to use the AppSettings property.
                    UsingConfigurationClass.GetSections("appSettings")

                Case "5"
                    ' Show how to use the ConnectionStrings property.
                    UsingConfigurationClass.GetSections("connectionStrings")

                Case "6"
                    ' Show how to obtain configuration file information.
                    UsingConfigurationClass.GetConfigurationInformation()


                Case Else
                    UserMenu()
            End Select
            Console.Write("> ")
            selection = Console.ReadLine()
        Loop
    End Sub
End Class
#End Region

Observações

As definições de configuração são armazenadas numa hierarquia de ficheiros de configuração. A Configuration instância de classe representa a vista fundida das definições de configuração de todos os ficheiros de configuração que se aplicam a uma entidade física específica, como um computador, ou a uma entidade lógica, como uma aplicação ou um site web. A entidade lógica pode existir no computador local ou num servidor remoto. Para informações sobre ficheiros de configuração, consulte Configuring Apps e ASP.NET Configuration Files.

Quando não existe ficheiro de configuração para uma entidade especificada, o Configuration objeto representa as definições de configuração padrão definidas pelo ficheiro Machine.config.

Pode obter um Configuration objeto usando as seguintes classes:

Os nomes dos métodos que devolvem um Configuration objeto começam por "Open".

Também podes gerar um ficheiro de configuração que represente as definições de configuração num Configuration objeto. Para fazer isso, use um dos seguintes métodos:

  • Chame o Save método para criar um novo ficheiro de configuração.

  • Chame o SaveAs método para gerar um novo ficheiro de configuração noutro local.

Os nomes dos métodos que criam ficheiros de configuração começam por "Save".

Note

Para permitir o acesso às definições de configuração num computador remoto, utilize a ferramenta de linha de comandos Aspnet_regiis. Para mais informações sobre esta ferramenta, consulte ASP.NET Ferramenta de Registo IIS (Aspnet_regiis.exe). Para informações sobre como criar e aceder a definições de configuração personalizadas para além das secções intrínsecas incluídas no .NET Framework, consulte ConfigurationSection.

Notas para Herdeiros

A Configuration classe fornece acesso programático para editar ficheiros de configuração. Utiliza-se um dos métodos "Open" fornecidos pela WebConfigurationManager classe para aplicações Web ou pela ConfigurationManager classe para aplicações cliente. Estes métodos devolvem um Configuration objeto, que por sua vez fornece os métodos e propriedades que gerem os ficheiros de configuração subjacentes. Pode aceder a estes ficheiros para ler ou escrever informações de configuração.

Usas o GetSection(String) método ou o GetSectionGroup(String) método para ler a informação de configuração. Note que o utilizador ou processo que lê deve ter as seguintes permissões:

  • Permissão de leitura no ficheiro de configuração ao nível atual da hierarquia de configuração.

  • Permissões de leitura em todos os ficheiros de configuração pais.

Se a sua aplicação precisar de acesso apenas de leitura à sua própria configuração, recomenda-se que utilize as GetSection sobrecargas de métodos para aplicações Web. Para a aplicação cliente, use o GetSection(String) método.

Estes métodos fornecem acesso aos valores de configuração em cache para a aplicação atual, que tem melhor desempenho do que a Configuration classe.

Nota: Se usar um método estático GetSection que recebe um parâmetro de caminho, o parâmetro de caminho deve referir-se à aplicação onde o código está a correr, caso contrário o parâmetro é ignorado e a informação de configuração da aplicação atualmente em execução é devolvida.

Utiliza-se um dos Save métodos para escrever informação de configuração. Note que o utilizador ou processo que escreve deve ter as seguintes permissões:

  • Permissão de escrita no ficheiro de configuração e diretório ao nível atual da hierarquia de configuração.

  • Permissões de leitura em todos os ficheiros de configuração.

Propriedades

Name Description
AppSettings

Obtém a AppSettingsSection secção de configuração do objeto que se aplica a este Configuration objeto.

AssemblyStringTransformer

Especifica um delegado de função que é usado para transformar cadeias de montagem em ficheiros de configuração.

ConnectionStrings

Obtém um ConnectionStringsSection objeto de secção de configuração que se aplica a este Configuration objeto.

EvaluationContext

Obtém o ContextInformation objeto para o Configuration objeto.

FilePath

Obtém o caminho físico para o ficheiro de configuração representado por este Configuration objeto.

HasFile

Obtém um valor que indica se existe um ficheiro para o recurso representado por este Configuration objeto.

Locations

Obtém as localizações definidas dentro deste Configuration objeto.

NamespaceDeclared

Recebe ou define um valor que indica se o ficheiro de configuração tem um namespace XML.

RootSectionGroup

Obtém a raiz ConfigurationSectionGroup deste Configuration objeto.

SectionGroups

Obtém uma coleção dos grupos de secções definidos por esta configuração.

Sections

Obtém uma coleção das secções definidas por este Configuration objeto.

TargetFramework

Obtém ou define a versão alvo do .NET quando uma versão anterior à atual é direcionada.

TypeStringTransformer

Especifica um delegado de função que é usado para transformar cadeias de tipos em ficheiros de configuração.

Métodos

Name Description
Equals(Object)

Determina se o objeto especificado é igual ao objeto atual.

(Herdado de Object)
GetHashCode()

Serve como função de hash predefinida.

(Herdado de Object)
GetSection(String)

Devolve o objeto especificado ConfigurationSection .

GetSectionGroup(String)

Obtém o objeto especificado ConfigurationSectionGroup .

GetType()

Obtém o Type da instância atual.

(Herdado de Object)
MemberwiseClone()

Cria uma cópia superficial do atual Object.

(Herdado de Object)
Save()

Escreve as definições de configuração contidas neste Configuration objeto no ficheiro de configuração XML atual.

Save(ConfigurationSaveMode, Boolean)

Escreve as definições de configuração contidas neste Configuration objeto no ficheiro de configuração XML atual.

Save(ConfigurationSaveMode)

Escreve as definições de configuração contidas neste Configuration objeto no ficheiro de configuração XML atual.

SaveAs(String, ConfigurationSaveMode, Boolean)

Escreve as definições de configuração contidas neste Configuration objeto no ficheiro de configuração XML especificado.

SaveAs(String, ConfigurationSaveMode)

Escreve as definições de configuração contidas neste Configuration objeto no ficheiro de configuração XML especificado.

SaveAs(String)

Escreve as definições de configuração contidas neste Configuration objeto no ficheiro de configuração XML especificado.

ToString()

Devolve uma cadeia que representa o objeto atual.

(Herdado de Object)

Aplica-se a

Ver também