Voer SQL Server Native Client Stored Procedure uit met RPC en procesuitvoer

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SQL Server stored procedures kunnen integer returncodes en outputparameters hebben. De retourcodes en uitvoerparameters worden in het laatste pakket van de server verzonden en zijn daarom pas beschikbaar voor de applicatie als de rowset volledig is vrijgegeven. Als het commando meerdere resultaten teruggeeft, zijn outputparameters beschikbaar wanneer IMultipleResults::GetResult DB_S_NORESULT teruggeeft, of wanneer de IMultipleResults-interface volledig wordt vrijgegeven, afhankelijk van wat het eerst gebeurt.

Belangrijk

Gebruik waar mogelijk Windows-verificatie. Als Windows-authenticatie niet beschikbaar is, vraag gebruikers dan om hun inloggegevens tijdens runtime in te voeren. Vermijd het opslaan van inloggegevens in een bestand. Als je inloggegevens moet behouden, moet je ze versleutelen met de Win32 Crypto API.

Om retourcodes en outputparameters te verwerken

Bouw een SQL-instructie die de RPC escape-sequentie gebruikt.
Roep de ICommandWithParameters::SetParameterInfo methode aan om parameters aan de zorgverlener te beschrijven. Vul de parameterinformatie in in een array van PARAMBINDINFO-structuren.
Maak een set bindings aan (één voor elke parametermaker) door gebruik te maken van een array van DBBINDING-structuren.
Maak een accessor aan voor de gedefinieerde parameters door gebruik te maken van de IAccessor::CreateAccessor-methode . CreateAccessor maakt een accessor aan uit een set bindings.
Vul de DBPARAMS-structuur in.
Roep het Execute-commando aan (in dit geval een aanroep naar een opgeslagen procedure).
Verwerk de rowset en geef deze vrij met de IRowset::Release-methode .
Verwerk de retourcode en de outputparameterwaarden die van de opgeslagen procedure zijn ontvangen.

Example

Het voorbeeld toont het verwerken van een rijset, een retourcode en een uitvoerparameter. Resultaatsets worden niet verwerkt. Dit voorbeeld wordt niet ondersteund op IA64.

De codevoorbeelden in dit artikel gebruiken de AdventureWorks2025 of AdventureWorksDW2025 voorbeelddatabase die u kunt downloaden van de startpagina van Microsoft SQL Server Samples en Community Projects .

Voer de eerste (Transact-SQLcodelijst uit om de opgeslagen procedure te creëren die door de applicatie wordt gebruikt.

Compileer met ole32.lib oleaut32.lib en voer de tweede (C++) codevermelding uit. Deze applicatie maakt verbinding met de standaard SQL Server-instantie van je computer. Op sommige Windows-besturingssystemen moet je (localhost) of (local) veranderen naar de naam van je SQL Server-instantie. Om verbinding te maken met een benoemde instantie, verander je de verbindingsstring van L"(local)" naar L"(local)\\name", waarbij naam de genoemde instantie is. Standaard wordt SQL Server Express geïnstalleerd op een benoemde instantie. Zorg ervoor dat je INCLUDE-omgevingsvariabele de map bevat die sqlncli.h bevat.

Voer de derde (Transact-SQL) codelijst uit om de opgeslagen procedure die door de applicatie wordt gebruikt te verwijderen.

USE AdventureWorks2022;
if exists (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[myProc]'))  
   DROP PROCEDURE myProc  
GO  
  
CREATE PROCEDURE myProc   
    @inparam nvarchar(5),  
    @outparam int OUTPUT  
  
AS  
SELECT Color, ListPrice   
FROM Production.Product WHERE Size > @inparam  
SELECT @outparam = 100  
  
IF  (@outparam > 0)  
    RETURN 999  
ELSE  
    RETURN 888  
GO

// compile with: ole32.lib oleaut32.lib  
void InitializeAndEstablishConnection();  
  
#define UNICODE  
#define DBINITCONSTANTS  
#define INITGUID  
#define OLEDBVER 0x0250   // to include correct interfaces  
  
#include <windows.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stddef.h>  
#include <iostream>  
#include <oledb.h>  
#include <oledberr.h>  
#include <SQLNCLI.h>  
  
using namespace std;  
IDBInitialize* pIDBInitialize = NULL;  
IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;  
IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;  
ICommandText* pICommandText = NULL;  
IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;  
ICommandWithParameters* pICommandWithParams = NULL;  
IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;  
IDBProperties* pIDBProperties = NULL;  
WCHAR* pStringsBuffer;  
DBBINDING* pBindings;  
const ULONG nInitProps = 4;  
DBPROP InitProperties[nInitProps];  
const ULONG nPropSet = 1;  
DBPROPSET rgInitPropSet[nPropSet];  
HRESULT hr;  
HACCESSOR hAccessor;  
const ULONG nParams = 3;   // Number of parameters in the command  
DBPARAMBINDINFO ParamBindInfo[nParams];  
ULONG i;  
ULONG cbColOffset = 0;  
  
DB_UPARAMS ParamOrdinals[nParams];  
DBROWCOUNT cNumRows = 0;  
DBPARAMS Params;  
  
// Declare an array of DBBINDING structures, one for each parameter in the command.  
DBBINDING acDBBinding[nParams];  
DBBINDSTATUS acDBBindStatus[nParams];  
  
// The following buffer is used to store parameter values.  
typedef struct tagSPROCPARAMS {  
   long lReturnValue;  
   long outParam;  
   long inParam;  
} SPROCPARAMS;  
  
int main() {  
   // The command to execute.    
   // WCHAR* wCmdString = L"{? = call myProc(?,?)}";  
   WCHAR* wCmdString = L"{rpc myProc}";  
   SPROCPARAMS sprocparams = {0,0,14};  
  
   // All the initialization activities in a separate function.  
   InitializeAndEstablishConnection();  
  
   // Create a new activity from the data source object.  
   if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBCreateSession,   
                                             (void**) &pIDBCreateSession))) {  
      cout << "Failed to access IDBCreateSession interface.\n";  
      goto EXIT;  
   }  
  
   if ( FAILED(pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession( NULL, IID_IDBCreateCommand,   
                                                (IUnknown**) &pIDBCreateCommand))) {  
      cout << "pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession failed.\n";  
      goto EXIT;  
   }  
  
   // Create a Command object.  
   if (FAILED(pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand( NULL,         
                                                IID_ICommandText,   
                                                (IUnknown**) &pICommandText))) {  
      cout << "Failed to access ICommand interface.\n";  
      goto EXIT;  
   }  
  
   // Set the command text.  
   if (FAILED(pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, wCmdString))) {  
      cout << "Failed to set command text.\n";  
      goto EXIT;  
   }  
  
   // Describe the command parameters (parameter name, provider specific name of  
   // the parameter's data type, and so on.) in an array of DBPARAMBINDINFO   
   // structures.  This information is then used by SetParameterInfo().  
   ParamBindInfo[0].pwszDataSourceType = L"DBTYPE_I4";  
   ParamBindInfo[0].pwszName = L"@ReturnVal";   // return value from sp  
   ParamBindInfo[0].ulParamSize = sizeof(long);  
   ParamBindInfo[0].dwFlags = DBPARAMFLAGS_ISOUTPUT;  
   ParamBindInfo[0].bPrecision = 11;  
   ParamBindInfo[0].bScale = 0;  
   ParamOrdinals[0] = 1;  
  
   ParamBindInfo[1].pwszDataSourceType = L"DBTYPE_I4";  
   ParamBindInfo[1].pwszName = L"@inparam";  
   ParamBindInfo[1].ulParamSize = sizeof(long);  
   ParamBindInfo[1].dwFlags = DBPARAMFLAGS_ISINPUT;  
   ParamBindInfo[1].bPrecision = 11;  
   ParamBindInfo[1].bScale = 0;  
   ParamOrdinals[1] = 2;  
  
   ParamBindInfo[2].pwszDataSourceType = L"DBTYPE_I4";  
   ParamBindInfo[2].pwszName = L"@outparam";  
   ParamBindInfo[2].ulParamSize = sizeof(long);  
   ParamBindInfo[2].dwFlags = DBPARAMFLAGS_ISOUTPUT;  
   ParamBindInfo[2].bPrecision = 11;  
   ParamBindInfo[2].bScale = 0;  
   ParamOrdinals[2] = 3;  
  
   //Set the parameters information.  
   if ( FAILED(pICommandText->QueryInterface( IID_ICommandWithParameters,  
                                            (void**)&pICommandWithParams))) {  
      cout << "Failed to obtain ICommandWithParameters.\n";  
      goto EXIT;  
   }  
  
   if ( FAILED(pICommandWithParams->SetParameterInfo(nParams,   
                                                     ParamOrdinals,   
                                                     ParamBindInfo))) {  
      cout << "Failed in setting parameter information.(SetParameterInfo)\n";  
      goto EXIT;  
   }  
  
   // Describe the consumer buffer by filling in the array of DBBINDING structures.  
   // Each binding associates a single parameter to the consumer's buffer.  
   for ( i = 0 ; i < nParams ; i++ ) {  
      acDBBinding[i].obLength = 0;  
      acDBBinding[i].obStatus = 0;  
      acDBBinding[i].pTypeInfo = NULL;  
      acDBBinding[i].pObject = NULL;  
      acDBBinding[i].pBindExt = NULL;  
      acDBBinding[i].dwPart = DBPART_VALUE;  
      acDBBinding[i].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;  
      acDBBinding[i].dwFlags = 0;  
      acDBBinding[i].bScale = 0;  
   }  
  
   acDBBinding[0].iOrdinal = 1;  
   acDBBinding[0].obValue = offsetof(SPROCPARAMS, lReturnValue);  
   acDBBinding[0].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_OUTPUT;  
   acDBBinding[0].cbMaxLen = sizeof(long);  
   acDBBinding[0].wType = DBTYPE_I4;  
   acDBBinding[0].bPrecision = 11;  
  
   acDBBinding[1].iOrdinal = 2;  
   acDBBinding[1].obValue = offsetof(SPROCPARAMS, inParam);  
   acDBBinding[1].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_INPUT;  
   acDBBinding[1].cbMaxLen = sizeof(long);  
   acDBBinding[1].wType = DBTYPE_I4;  
   acDBBinding[1].bPrecision = 11;  
  
   acDBBinding[2].iOrdinal = 3;  
   acDBBinding[2].obValue = offsetof(SPROCPARAMS, outParam);  
   acDBBinding[2].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_OUTPUT;  
   acDBBinding[2].cbMaxLen = sizeof(long);  
   acDBBinding[2].wType = DBTYPE_I4;  
   acDBBinding[2].bPrecision = 11;  
  
   // Create an accessor from the above set of bindings.  
   hr = pICommandWithParams->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void**)&pIAccessor);  
   if (FAILED(hr))  
      cout << "Failed to get IAccessor interface.\n";  
  
   hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor( DBACCESSOR_PARAMETERDATA,  
                                    nParams,   
                                    acDBBinding,   
                                    sizeof(SPROCPARAMS),   
                                    &hAccessor,  
                                    acDBBindStatus);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr))  
      cout << "Failed to create accessor for the defined parameters.\n";  
  
   // Fill in DBPARAMS structure for the command execution. This structure   
   // specifies the parameter values in the command and is then passed to Execute.  
   Params.pData = &sprocparams;  
   Params.cParamSets = 1;  
   Params.hAccessor = hAccessor;  
  
   // Execute the command.  
   if (FAILED(hr = pICommandText->Execute( NULL,   
                                           IID_IRowset,   
                                           &Params,   
                                           &cNumRows,   
                                           (IUnknown **) &pIRowset))) {  
      cout << "Failed to execute command.\n";  
      goto EXIT;  
   }  
  
   printf("After command execution but before rowset processing.\n\n");  
   printf("  Return value = %d\n", sprocparams.lReturnValue);  
   printf("  Output parameter value = %d\n", sprocparams.outParam);  
   printf("  These are the same default values set in the application.\n\n\n");  
  
   // This result set is not important, so release it without processing.  
   pIRowset->Release();  
  
   printf("After processing the result set...\n");  
   printf("  Return value = %d\n", sprocparams.lReturnValue);  
   printf("  Output parameter value = %d\n\n", sprocparams.outParam);  
  
   // Release memory.  
   pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);  
   pIAccessor->Release();  
   pICommandWithParams->Release();  
   pICommandText->Release();  
   pIDBCreateCommand->Release();  
   pIDBCreateSession->Release();      
  
   if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Uninitialize()))  
      // Uninitialize is not required, but it fails if an interface  
      // has not been released.  This can be used for debugging.  
      cout << "Problem uninitializing.\n";  
  
   pIDBInitialize->Release();  
  
   CoUninitialize();  
   return 0;  
  
EXIT:  
   if (pIAccessor != NULL)  
      pIAccessor->Release();  
   if (pICommandWithParams != NULL)  
      pICommandWithParams->Release();  
   if (pICommandText != NULL)  
      pICommandText->Release();  
   if (pIDBCreateCommand != NULL)  
      pIDBCreateCommand->Release();  
   if (pIDBCreateSession != NULL)  
      pIDBCreateSession->Release();  
   if (pIDBInitialize != NULL)  
      if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Uninitialize()))  
         // Uninitialize is not required, but it fails if an interface has not   
         // been released.  This can be used for debugging.  
         cout << "Problem in uninitializing.\n";  
      pIDBInitialize->Release();  
  
   CoUninitialize();  
}  
  
void InitializeAndEstablishConnection() {      
   // Initialize the COM library.  
   CoInitialize(NULL);  
  
   // Obtain access to the SQL Server Native Client OLE DB provider.      
   hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_SQLNCLI11,   
                          NULL,   
                          CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IDBInitialize,   
                          (void **) &pIDBInitialize);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr))  
      cout << "Failed in CoCreateInstance().\n";  
  
   // Initialize the property values needed to establish the connection.  
   for (i = 0 ; i < nInitProps ; i++ )  
      VariantInit(&InitProperties[i].vValue);  
  
   //Specify server name.  
   InitProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;  
   InitProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
  
   // Replace "MySqlServer" with proper value.  
   InitProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"(local)");  
   InitProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   InitProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   // Specify database name.  
   InitProperties[1].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;  
   InitProperties[1].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   InitProperties[1].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"AdventureWorks");  
   InitProperties[1].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   InitProperties[1].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   InitProperties[2].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_INTEGRATED;  
   InitProperties[2].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   InitProperties[2].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"SSPI");  
   InitProperties[2].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   InitProperties[2].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   // Properties are set, construct the DBPROPSET structure (rgInitPropSet) used to pass   
   // an array of // DBPROP structures (InitProperties) to the SetProperties method.  
   rgInitPropSet[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;  
   rgInitPropSet[0].cProperties = 4;  
   rgInitPropSet[0].rgProperties = InitProperties;  
  
   // Set initialization properties.  
   hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface( IID_IDBProperties, (void **)&pIDBProperties);  
   if ( FAILED(hr))  
      cout << "Failed to obtain IDBProperties interface.\n";  
  
   hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties( nPropSet, rgInitPropSet);  
   if (FAILED(hr))   
      cout << "Failed to set initialization properties.\n";  
  
   pIDBProperties->Release();  
  
   // Now establish a connection to the data source.  
   if ( FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Initialize()) )  
      cout << "Problem in initializing.\n";  
}

USE AdventureWorks2022;
DROP PROCEDURE myProc  
GO

Zie ook

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Last updated on 2025-11-19