Attribute Klas

Definitie

public ref class Attribute abstract

public ref class Attribute abstract : System::Runtime::InteropServices::_Attribute

[System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=true)]
public abstract class Attribute

[System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=true)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
[System.Serializable]
public abstract class Attribute : System.Runtime.InteropServices._Attribute

[System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=true)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
[System.Serializable]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public abstract class Attribute : System.Runtime.InteropServices._Attribute

[<System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=true)>]
type Attribute = class

[<System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=true)>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)>]
[<System.Serializable>]
type Attribute = class
    interface _Attribute

[<System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=true)>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)>]
[<System.Serializable>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type Attribute = class
    interface _Attribute

Public MustInherit Class Attribute

Public MustInherit Class Attribute
Implements _Attribute

Overname

Object

Attribute

Afgeleid

Microsoft.JScript.Expando

Microsoft.JScript.Hide

Microsoft.JScript.JSFunctionAttribute

Microsoft.JScript.NotRecommended

Microsoft.JScript.Override

Meer…

Kenmerken

AttributeUsageAttribute ClassInterfaceAttribute SerializableAttribute ComVisibleAttribute

Implementeringen

_Attribute

Voorbeelden

In het volgende codevoorbeeld ziet u het gebruik van Attribute.

using System;
using System.Reflection;

// An enumeration of animals. Start at 1 (0 = uninitialized).
public enum Animal {
    // Pets.
    Dog = 1,
    Cat,
    Bird,
}

// A custom attribute to allow a target to have a pet.
public class AnimalTypeAttribute : Attribute {
    // The constructor is called when the attribute is set.
    public AnimalTypeAttribute(Animal pet) {
        thePet = pet;
    }

    // Keep a variable internally ...
    protected Animal thePet;

    // .. and show a copy to the outside world.
    public Animal Pet {
        get { return thePet; }
        set { thePet = value; }
    }
}

// A test class where each method has its own pet.
class AnimalTypeTestClass {
    [AnimalType(Animal.Dog)]
    public void DogMethod() {}

    [AnimalType(Animal.Cat)]
    public void CatMethod() {}

    [AnimalType(Animal.Bird)]
    public void BirdMethod() {}
}

class DemoClass {
    static void Main(string[] args) {
        AnimalTypeTestClass testClass = new AnimalTypeTestClass();
        Type type = testClass.GetType();
        // Iterate through all the methods of the class.
        foreach(MethodInfo mInfo in type.GetMethods()) {
            // Iterate through all the Attributes for each method.
            foreach (Attribute attr in
                Attribute.GetCustomAttributes(mInfo)) {
                // Check for the AnimalType attribute.
                if (attr.GetType() == typeof(AnimalTypeAttribute))
                    Console.WriteLine(
                        "Method {0} has a pet {1} attribute.",
                        mInfo.Name, ((AnimalTypeAttribute)attr).Pet);
            }
        }
    }
}
/*
 * Output:
 * Method DogMethod has a pet Dog attribute.
 * Method CatMethod has a pet Cat attribute.
 * Method BirdMethod has a pet Bird attribute.
 */

open System

// An enumeration of animals. Start at 1 (0 = uninitialized).
type Animal =
    | Dog = 1
    | Cat = 2
    | Bird = 3

// A custom attribute to allow a target to have a pet.
type AnimalTypeAttribute(pet) =
    inherit Attribute()
    member val Pet = pet with get, set

// A test class where each method has its own pet.
type AnimalTypeTestClass() =
    [<AnimalType(Animal.Dog)>]
    member _.DogMethod() = ()

    [<AnimalType(Animal.Cat)>]
    member _.CatMethod() = ()

    [<AnimalType(Animal.Bird)>]
    member _.BirdMethod() = ()

let testClass = AnimalTypeTestClass()
let clsType = testClass.GetType()
// Iterate through all the methods of the class.
for mInfo in clsType.GetMethods() do
    // Iterate through all the Attributes for each method.
    for attr in Attribute.GetCustomAttributes mInfo do
        // Check for the AnimalType attribute.
        if attr.GetType() = typeof<AnimalTypeAttribute> then
            printfn $"Method {mInfo.Name} has a pet {(attr :?> AnimalTypeAttribute).Pet} attribute."

// Output:
//   Method DogMethod has a pet Dog attribute.
//   Method CatMethod has a pet Cat attribute.
//   Method BirdMethod has a pet Bird attribute.

Imports System.Reflection

Public Module CustomAttrVB

    ' An enumeration of animals. Start at 1 (0 = uninitialized).
    Public Enum Animal
        ' Pets
        Dog = 1
        Cat
        Bird
    End Enum

    ' Visual Basic requires the AttributeUsage be specified.
    ' A custom attribute to allow a target to have a pet.
    <AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method)> _
    Public Class AnimalTypeAttribute
        Inherits Attribute

        ' The constructor is called when the attribute is set.
        Public Sub New(ByVal animal As Animal)
            Me.thePet = animal
        End Sub

        ' Keep a variable internally ...
        Protected thePet As Animal

        ' .. and show a copy to the outside world.
        Public Property Pet() As Animal
            Get
                Return thePet
            End Get
            Set(ByVal Value As Animal)
                thePet = Value
            End Set
        End Property

    End Class

    ' A test class where each method has its own pet.
    Class AnimalTypeTestClass

        <AnimalType(Animal.Dog)> _
        Public Sub DogMethod()
        End Sub

        <AnimalType(Animal.Cat)> _
        Public Sub CatMethod()
        End Sub

        <AnimalType(Animal.Bird)> _
        Public Sub BirdMethod()
        End Sub
    End Class

    ' The runtime test.
    Sub Main()
        Dim testClass As New AnimalTypeTestClass()
        Dim tcType As Type = testClass.GetType()
        Dim mInfo As MethodInfo
        ' Iterate through all the methods of the class.
        For Each mInfo In tcType.GetMethods()
            Dim attr As Attribute
            ' Iterate through all the attributes of the method.
            For Each attr In Attribute.GetCustomAttributes(mInfo)
                If TypeOf attr Is AnimalTypeAttribute Then
                    Dim attrCustom As AnimalTypeAttribute = _
                        CType(attr, AnimalTypeAttribute)
                    Console.WriteLine("Method {0} has a pet {1} attribute.", _
                         mInfo.Name(), attrCustom.Pet.ToString())
                End If
            Next
        Next
    End Sub
End Module

' Output:
' Method DogMethod has a pet Dog attribute.
' Method CatMethod has a pet Cat attribute.
' Method BirdMethod has a pet Bird attribute.

Opmerkingen

De Attribute klasse koppelt vooraf gedefinieerde systeemgegevens of door de gebruiker gedefinieerde aangepaste gegevens aan een doelelement. Een doelelement kan een assembly, klasse, constructor, delegate, enum, event, field, interface, method, portable executable file module, parameter, eigenschap, return value, struct of een ander kenmerk zijn.

Informatie van een kenmerk wordt ook wel metagegevens genoemd. Metagegevens kunnen tijdens runtime door uw toepassing worden onderzocht om te bepalen hoe uw programma gegevens verwerkt of voordat de runtime wordt uitgevoerd door externe hulpprogramma's om te bepalen hoe uw toepassing zelf wordt verwerkt of onderhouden. .NET bijvoorbeeld vooraf gedefinieerde kenmerken en maakt gebruik van kenmerktypen om runtimegedrag te beheren en sommige programmeertalen gebruiken kenmerktypen om taalfuncties weer te geven die niet rechtstreeks worden ondersteund door het .NET algemene typesysteem.

Alle kenmerktypen zijn rechtstreeks of indirect afgeleid van de Attribute klasse. Kenmerken kunnen worden toegepast op elk doelelement; meerdere kenmerken kunnen worden toegepast op hetzelfde doelelement; en kenmerken kunnen worden overgenomen door een element dat is afgeleid van een doelelement. Gebruik de AttributeTargets klasse om het doelelement op te geven waarop het kenmerk wordt toegepast.

De Attribute klasse biedt handige methoden om aangepaste kenmerken op te halen en te testen. Zie Kenmerken en kenmerken toepassen voor meer informatie over het gebruik van kenmerken.

Veiligheid thread

Dit type is thread veilig.

Zie ook

• Kenmerken toepassen
• Metagegevens uitbreiden met behulp van kenmerken